Based on Schmidt (1999) SCHMIDT GA, BIGG GR and ROHLING EJ
In oceanic regions with a positive E-P (Evaporation-Precipitation) balance, there is enrichment in the superficial ocean layer due to preferential evaporation of the lighter species ( Meredith MEREDITH MP, GROSE KE, MCDONAGH EL, HEYWOOD KJ, FREW RD and DENNIS PF. 1999. J Geophys Res Oceans (1978–2012) 104(C9): 20949-20962. et al. 1999). On the other hand, river discharges, high precipitation and ice melting are related to regions with depleted values of ? 18 Osw ( Redfield REDFIELD AC and FRIEDMAN I. 1965. Factors affecting the distribution of deuterium in the ocean. In Symposium on Marine Geochemistry. Rhode Island University Narragansett Marine Laboratory Occasional Publication, Vol. 3, p. 149-168. and Friedman 1965). On a geologic time scale, the glacial boundary conditions influence the isotopic composition of the oceans due to the storage of lighter ? 18 O and ?D isotopes in the ice sheets, which is known as global ice volume effect. However, during interglacial periods, this effect was reversed (Holloway et al. 2015).
Because salinity and ? 18 Osw are controlled by the same processes, they show a quasi-linear relationship, and the slope is dependent on the kinetic processes acting in the water mass formation area. 2015. Differences among subtropical surface salinity patterns. Oceanogr 28(1): 32-39. 1965). 1999. Global Seawater Oxygen-18 Database – v1.21. , the global mixing line between ? 18 Osw and salinity can be used as an approximation only in mid to high latitudes, since the scatter for the tropical samples could be up to 0.13‰. Therefore, regional mixing lines become essential pieces in paleoclimatic studies in the equatorial and tropical regions. Holloway et al. (2015) suggested that regions with marked variability in the evaporation-precipitation budget and strong oceanographic dynamics need additional constraints to establish good salinity and ? 18 Osw relationships on spatial and temporal scales. On the other hand, South Atlantic, Indian and Tropical Pacific Oceans have more reliable paleosalinity reconstructions without the need of additional constraints.
Despite the importance of the Southwest Atlantic Ocean for thermohaline circulation and the global climate through in the South Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation (SAMOC), only a few studies have been carried out in this area using stable isotopes. For example, GEOSECS was conducted in the South Atlantic focusing on open waters (Kroopnick 1980, Ostlund OSTLUND HG, CRAIG H, BROECKER WS and SPENCER D. 1987. GEOSECS Atlantic, Pacific and Indian ocean expeditions, shorebased data and graphics, Vol. 7. Technical report, I.D.O.E. National Science Foundation, p. 200. et al. 1987) and an independent work of Pierre et al. (1991) focused on a small offshore area of the southwestern Atlantic. None of these papers were focused on paleoclimatic applications. The aim of the present study was to investigate the distribution of the stable isotopes (? 18 Osw and ?Dsw) at the Western Tropical South Atlantic polish hearts border, from the continental shelf to slope, in order to better understand the main fractionation processes of these isotopes and establish a regional salinity and ? 18 Osw relationship to improve paleoceanographic knowledge in the study region.
Upcoming, pursuing the liquid mass basins, the partnership remains secure about liquids size lives (Craig and you will Gordon GORDON AL, GIULIVI CF, BUSECKE J and BINGHAM FM
This new eastern Brazilian continental margin is normal for the quicker width and shallow depths when compared to other areas of the Southwest Atlantic margin, because of low continental erosion price plus the short section of marine sedimentation. Concurrently, the ceaseless presence of your own Brazil Newest moving on the southwestern synchronous on the shelf additionally the Northern Brazil Current flowing equatorward transporting warm and saline Warm Liquids supplies the part a fundamentally oligotrophic reputation, and therefore decreases the brand new genesis off biogenic situation that make up extremely of your own sedimentary soles in the southeastern Brazilian continental shelf ( Knoppers KNOPPERS B, EKAU W and FIGUEIREDO AG. 1999. Brand new coast and you will shelf out of east and you will northeast Brazil and you can point transport. Geo-Marine Lett 19: 171. ainsi que al. 1999). The bifurcation of Southern area Equatorial Newest (SEC) happens around ten°–14°S around the body while the continental bookshelf width differs from 42 kilometer regarding Maceio to 8 kilometres out of Salvador, which have on average 30 km ( Fig. 1).
