Bee Variety Assortment
From 2009 in order to 2018, 192 bee types (Hymenoptera: Apoidea: Anthophila) was basically caught for the Calanques National Playground thru both websites and you will dish pitfall collections. They belonged so you can half a dozen family and 38 genera. Megachilidae try the absolute most variety-rich loved ones, followed closely by Apidae and you can Halictidae, having 53, forty two, and 43 variety, respectively. Andrena Fabricius, 1775 are the new richest genus, with 33 varieties, whereas eight genera was basically portrayed by singular species (Stelis Panzer, 1806; Protosmia Ducke, 1900; Pseudoanthidium Friese, 1898; Coelioxys Latreille, 1809; Chelostoma Latreille, 1809; Anthidiellum Cockerell, 1904; Amegilla Friese, 1897; Panurgus Panzer, 1806; Supp Dining table step 1 [on line merely] ). Utilizing the jackknife step one and you can 2 spiders, the full bee species richness are estimated becoming between ± 9.89 and you can ± . The latest observed fullness thus represented 71.step 3 to help you 79.6% of the projected bee fullness ( Table dos). The newest Chao1 means projected the observed richness to-be 76.8% of potential maximum fullness ( Dining table 2). Many numerous species was Apis mellifera L. (276 anybody), followed by Rhodanthidium septemdentatum (Latreille, 1809), Rh. sticticum (Fabricius, 1787) (174 and you will 168 anyone, respectively), and you will Lasioglossum transitorium (Shenck, 1868) (113 somebody). Fundamentally, fifty species (26%) was portrayed by only one personal (singletons).
Environment Attributes of Bees
Concerning your environment characteristics out-of nesting choice, we identified 59 unmarried bee variety nesting above crushed, ninety-five single bee varieties nesting below ground and you may 23 cleptoparasitic types, comparable to 29.seven, 47.9, and twelve.0% of one’s overall bee kinds fullness, respectively. I perceived four social varieties (bumble bees and honey bees-2.1%). Eventually, the nesting preferences regarding 14 kinds are unknown (7.3%- Supp Desk 1 [online just] ). Concerning your floral diet plan away from bee variety, we discovered that 105 species (54.7%) foraged toward numerous plant variety (we.e., generalist varieties, polylectic) and 51 variety (twenty six.5%) foraged on a single bush family unit members or one/few plant varieties (i.elizabeth., professional species, oligolectic). Into remaining thirty-six bee variety (18.8%), the fresh new floral diet plan wasn’t recognized (age.grams., to own cleptoparasitic kinds). not, extremely generalist variety exhibited a choice for starters otherwise a number of bush family members ( Supp Table step one [on line merely] ). To the 44 singletons, 14 bee varieties (28%) had been specialist, and you may 9 bee kinds (18%) was cleptoparasitic ( Supp Table 1 [online merely] ).
An enthusiastic IUCN standing are readily available for 178 species (excluding the species buildings and as yet not known variety). Among those, 47 types were classified since investigation lacking (DD-26.4%), 124 types was indeed the very least worried (LC-69.6%), six kinds was indeed near endangered (NT-step three.4%; Andrena ovatula (Kirby, 1802), Colletes albomaculatus (Lucas, 1849), Dasypoda argentata Panzer, 1809, Halictus quadricinctus (Fabricius, 1776), Lasioglossum prasinum (Smith, 1848), and you will L. pygmaeum (Schenck, 1853)), plus one varieties try felt endangered (EN-0.6%; L. soror (Saunders, 1901)- Supp Dining table step one [on the web simply] ). Around three oligolectic variety have been one of many seven threatened bee types. A great. ovatula and you can C. albomaculatus try pros toward Fabaceae, D. argentata is an expert towards the Caprifoliaceae.
Off 2009 so you’re able to 2018, 38 species of hover flies (Diptera: Syrphidae) had been caught inside Calanques Federal Park. It belonged in order to twenty four genera ( Supp Dining table 2 [on the web simply] ). One particular abundant genera was indeed Paragus Latreille, 1804 (33 someone), Meliscaeva Frey, 
1946 (14 people), and you will Sphaerophoria Lepeletier de- Saint-Fargeau Audinet-Serville within the Latreille, 1828 (13 somebody), while 20 varieties (53%) were represented from the only 1 individual ( Supp Desk 2 [on the internet simply] ). The fresh bee flies (Diptera: Bombyliidae) was indeed depicted because of the 20 types, as well as four singletons (25%) ( Supp Table step three [on the internet only] ). The fresh new quote regarding complete species fullness of hover flies and you can bee flies are anywhere between 83 and 97 species utilizing the jackknife 1 and you can 2 indexes, respectively. Therefore, the fresh new observed fullness depicted 59.8–69.9% of your own estimated hover travel and bee travel richness ( Desk 2).
